Posted by Utumno on Tue 21 Feb 2006 at 09:54
So you switched to the AMD64 architecture, installed the 'pure64'; flavour of Debian on it? Well, get prepared for some problems: no flashplugin for Firefox, no win32 codecs for MPlayer, no OpenOffice.
I couldn't care less for the flashplugin, OpenOffice I've got on my laptop and I hardly use it, but a complete, custom-compiled MPlayer is a must. Here's a way to install it along with the win32 and RealPlayer codecs, LIVE.com streaming support, and more.
One way - they say - is to install the ia32-libs, but I wanted to be all clean about it and use the arguably harder 'chroot' method. This way, one can achieve a modular, easily upgradeble system. Both 64- and 32- bit apps are separated from each other, and all users can - compeletely transparently - call the 32-bit apps from within their 64-bit text consoles and DEs.
Minimal Debian system, although I ended up with about 400 MB of stuff in it.
1.1) Create a new empty directory:
$ mkdir /var/sid-386-chroot1.2) Make sure you've got the 'debootstrap' package installed and install Debian Sid, i386 version, base system to the newly created directory:
$ debootstrap --arch i386 sid /var/sid-386-chroot http://ftp.debian.org/debian/That will pull quite a few packages. Once it is done, you should see a normal Debian root directory tree inside.
1.3) Add the library path of your chroot to your /etc/ld.so.conf: ( I mean your original /etc/ld.so.conf, not the one from the chroot )
/usr/X11R6/lib # chroot i386 system libs /var/sid-386-chroot/lib /var/sid-386-chroot/usr/lib /var/sid-386-chroot/usr/X11R6/lib /var/sid-386-chroot/usr/local/lib
1.4) You also need a link to your 32bit linker in the /lib path:
$ cd /lib $ ln -s /var/sid-386-chroot/lib/ld-linux.so.2 ld-linux.so.21.5) Now run ldconfig to update your linker's cache:
$ ldconfig1.6) To run an application inside the chroot you will need some parts of your 64bit system tree inside the chroot. This can be achieved with a bind mount. In this example we will bind /tmp to the chroot for the X11 sockets which are in /tmp, and bind /home to access the home directories from within the chroot. You may also want to mount the /proc and /sys filesystems within the chroot. Edit your fstab and add the required paths:
# ia32 chroot /home /var/sid-386-chroot/home none bind 0 0 /tmp /var/sid-386-chroot/tmp none bind 0 0 /proc /var/sid-386-chroot/proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev /var/sid-386-chroot/dev none bind 0 01.7) Then mount them:
$ mount /var/sid-386-chroot/home $ mount /var/sid-386-chroot/tmp $ mount /var/sid-386-chroot/proc $ mount /var/sid-386-chroot/dev
WARNING: The above means that should you ever decide to remove the chroot: $ rm -rf /var/sid-386-chroot/ then ALL the bind-mounted partitions, including your $HOME, are also going to be deleted! So make sure to unmount them first.1.8) You will also need to set up the relevant users in the chroot. Copy your /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow , /etc/hosts and /etc/group files to the chroot.
$ chroot /var/sid-386-chroot1.10) Try to run something:
$ cat /etc/apt/sources.listThe above command should give you the contents of 32-bit sources.list (doh!). Now it's good time to edit it if you are planning on installing some more stuff there (Skype?)
$ exit
chroot /var/sid-386-chrootFrom this point on, we're going to do all the downloading and compiling inside the chroot.
$ apt-get install libogg0 libogg-dev libvorbis0a libvorbis-dev vorbis-tools libpng12-0 libpng12-dev liblogfile-rotate-perl libconfhelper-perl debhelper fakeroot gcc g++ libgtk1.2 libgtk1.2-dev svgalibg1 svgalibg1-dev libsdl1.2-dev libaa1 libaa1-dev libxv1 libxv-dev2.3) Also, while at it, install some other packages that I always find useful:
$ apt-get install cvs vim bzip22.4) Perl is going to spit errors about locale being unset. Shut it up by adding export LC_ALL=C line to /root/.bashrc and source the file:
$ . ~/.bashrc2.5) Download MPlayer's sources:
$ cd /home/leszek/ $ mkdir mplayer; cd mplayer $ cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@mplayerhq.hu:/cvsroot/mplayer login Password: [hit enter] $ cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@mplayerhq.hu:/cvsroot/mplayer co -P main2.6) download FFMPEG's sources:
$ cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@mplayerhq.hu:/cvsroot/ffmpeg login Password: [hit enter] $ cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@mplayerhq.hu:/cvsroot/ffmpeg co ffmpegA directory named 'ffmpeg' with subdirectories named 'libavcodec' and 'libavutil' inside will be created. Copy (symbolic linking does NOT suffice) these 2 subdirectories into the MPlayer source tree.
$ mkdir /usr/local/lib/codecs2.8) Get Win32 codecs 'essential-YYYYMMDD.tar.bz2' - grab the latest version "essential codecs package" from Mplayer HQ Download
$ mv essential-YYYYMMDD.tar.bz2 /usr/local/lib $ cd /usr/local/lib $ tar xjvf essential-YYYYMMDD.tar.bz2 $ mv essential-YYYYMMDD/* codecs $ rm -rf essential-YYYYMMDD*2.10) Same story with the LIVE streaming codecs: get them from here
$ cd /usr/local/lib $ tar -xvzf live.2005.06.16.tar.gz $ cd live/ $ ./genMakefiles linux $ make2.12) QuickTime codecs: download QuickTime DLL pack from http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/
$ tar -xvvf mplayer-user-conf.tar
This will create the ~/.mplayer directory including a skin (neutron), arial size 18 font, and config files.
In line 27 of the ~/.mplayer/gui.conf file, change: font_name = "/home/lyz/.mplayer/font/font.desc" to reflect your username.
2.15) Move MPlayer's sources to /usr/src:$ mv /home/leszek/mplayer/ /usr/src/ $ cd /usr/src/mplayer/main/2.16) Compile:
$ DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="-disable-runtime-cpudetection -enable-gui -enable-menu -disable-rtc -enable-live -with-livelibdir=/usr/local/lib/live" fakeroot debian/rules binary2.17) After some 8 minutes ( on my Sempron 3000+ with 512 DDR400 and a SATA HD ) a package mplayer_1.0cvs_i386.deb will appear in /usr/src/mplayer. Install it:
$ dpkg -i mplayer_1.0cvs_i386.deb
Voilla! You can now run your mplayer from within your 32-bit chroot. Dont forget to set Video and Audio outputs ( Xv and ALSA in my case ).
$ apt-get install dchroot3.2) Edit /etc/dchroot.conf:
# sid386 chroot sid386 /var/sid-386-chroot3.3) Now you should be able to run commands inside the chroot as normal user:
$ dchroot -c sid386 -d gmplayer3.4) Add a wrapper script to ease things and be able to call 'mplayer' and 'gmplayer' transparently from the command line: in /usr/local/bin create the following script, name it 'do_chroot' and chmod it to 755:
#!/bin/sh
ARGS=""
for i in "$@" ; do
ARGS="$ARGS '$i'"
done
exec dchroot -c sid386 -d -q "`basename $0`" "$ARGS"
3.5) Last step : symbolic links to our script:
$ cd /usr/local/bin $ ln -s do_dchroot mplayer $ ln -s do_dchroot gmplayer $ ln -s do_dchroot mencoder3.6) Now, being in the 64-bit system, you can run your 32-bit mplayer like this:
$ /usr/local/bin/mplayeror better yet, simply
$ mplayer( /usr/local/bin is searched before /usr/local! ) It all works because the symbolic link /usr/local/bin/mplayer points to /usr/local/bin/do_chroot, which checks its name ( in this case 'mplayer' ), appends all the arguments you might have supplied, and uses dchroot to launch the corresponding mplayer binary from the 32-bit chroot.
$ mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -vf scale=720:480, harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:\And 'movie.avi' gets recoded for NTSC DVD, which you can enjoy watching on your DVD player :)
vbitrate=5000:keyint=18:acodec=ac3:abitrate=192:aspect=16/9 -ofps 30000/1001 -o movie.mpg movie.avi
a) MPlayer compilation and setup:
b) chroot setup:
This article can be found online at the Debian Administration website at the following bookmarkable URL (along with associated comments):
This article is copyright 2006 Utumno - please ask for permission to republish or translate.