Multiple-port knocking Netfilter/IPtables only implementation

Posted by uroboros on Fri 7 Oct 2005 at 13:52

There are several methods of implementing port knocking (the sophisticated project Knockd for instance). Here we'll demonstrate a very simple means of achieving the port-knocking effect using nothing more than netfilter, or iptables, rules.

You will need the iptables "recent" module compiled in you kernel or as a module - we've previously introduced using this to rate-limit incoming connections with the recent module.

There are the magical rules (many thanks belongs to Rusty Russel for this):

# Netfilter/IPtables - example of multiple-port knocking
# Note: Knock ports 100,200,300,400 to open SSH port for 5 seconds.
# Nice thing to knock TCP with is `telnet' program:
# $> alias k='telnet ip_address_or_hostname'
# $> k 100 ; k 200 ; k 300 ; k 400 ; ssh ip_address_or_hostname
# Then press Ctrl-C 4 times. That's all. Enjoy.

HOST_IP="12.34.56.78"

/sbin/iptables -N INTO-PHASE2
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE2 -m recent --name PHASE1 --remove
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE2 -m recent --name PHASE2 --set
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE2 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE2: "

/sbin/iptables -N INTO-PHASE3
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE3 -m recent --name PHASE2 --remove
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE3 -m recent --name PHASE3 --set
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE3 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE3: "

/sbin/iptables -N INTO-PHASE4
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE4 -m recent --name PHASE3 --remove
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE4 -m recent --name PHASE4 --set
/sbin/iptables -A INTO-PHASE4 -j LOG --log-prefix "INTO PHASE4: "

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -m recent --update --name PHASE1

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 100 -m recent --set --name PHASE1
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 200 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE1 -j INTO-PHASE2
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 300 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE2 -j INTO-PHASE3
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 400 -m recent --rcheck --name PHASE3 -j INTO-PHASE4

/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s $HOST_IP --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 5 --name PHASE4 -j ACCEPT

The script can be also downloaded from here. [Local mirror]

These rules will open port 22 for 5 seconds after you knock ports 100, 200, 300 and 400 with TCP packets.

It is not perfect I know. But can be used nearly everywhere. If you have some other ideas of how to implement the multiple-port knocking with Netfilter/IPtables, please contribute in the discussions below.


This article can be found online at the Debian Administration website at the following bookmarkable URL (along with associated comments):

This article is copyright 2005 uroboros - please ask for permission to republish or translate.